Development of sulconazole-loaded nanoemulsions for enhancement of transdermal permeation and antifungal activity
Development of sulconazole-loaded nanoemulsions for enhancement of transdermal permeation and antifungal activity
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Qing Yang,1,2,* Shanshan Liu,3,* Yongwei Gu,1,2 Xiaomeng Tang,3 Ting Wang,1,2 Jianhua Wu,4 Jiyong Liu1–31Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: Sulconazole (SCZ) is a broad-spectrum transdermally administered anti-fungicidal agent.However, the therapeutic effect of SCZ is generally limited sequal eclipse 5 battery by its poor water solubility.This present study aimed to develop and evaluate sulconazole-loaded nanoemulsions (SCZ-NEs) for enhancement of the transdermal permeation and antifungal activity.Methods: A spontaneous titration method was applied to prepare the SCZ-NEs.And the optimized formulation of SCZ-NEs was screened by central composite design (CCD).
In addition, the characteristics of the SCZ-NEs were evaluated, including particle size, zeta potential, drug loading (DL%) and encapsulation efficiency (EE%).The morphology of SCZ-NEs was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Franz diffusion cells were used to evaluate the transdermal permeability of the SCZ-NEs.The antifungal activity of the SCZ-NEs was measured by a zone of inhibition (ZOI) test.Results: The optimized SCZ-NEs possessed a moderate particle size of 52.
3±3.8 nm, zeta potential of 23.3±1.2 mV, DL% of 0.47±0.
05% and EE% of 87.1±3.2%.The ex vivo skin permeation study verified that the cumulative permeability (Qn) and penetration rate (Js) of the optimized SCZ-NEs were about 1.7-fold higher than gotrax handlebar that of a commercial reference, miconazole (MCZ) cream and 3-fold higher than that of SCZ-DMSO solution.
The optimized SCZ-NEs exhibited zone of inhibition (ZOI) values of 23.5±2.4 and 20.4±2.5 mm against C.
albicans and T.rubrum, which were larger compared with these of the MCZ cream and SCZ-DMSO solution.Conclusion: SCZ-NEs were effectively developed to overcome the poor solubility of SCZ, promote SCZ permeation through the skin and improve its antifungal activity.Thus, the SCZ-NEs are a promising percutaneous administration for skin fungal infections induced by C.albicans and T.
rubrum.Keywords: sulconazole, nanoemulsion, central composite design, transdermal delivery, antifungal activity.